METHODS OF ORGANIC FARMING
1. Soil management
After cultivation of crops, the soil loses its nutrients and its quality depletes. Organic agriculture initiates the use of natural ways to increase the fertility of the soil. Hence it focuses on the use of bacteria that is present in animal waste which helps in making the soil nutrients more productive and fertile.
2. Weed management
Weed is the unwanted plant that grows in agricultural fields. Organic agriculture focuses on lowering weed rather than removing it completely. The two most widely used weed management techniques are :
● Mulching: A process where we use plastic films or plant residue on the surface of the soil to block the growth of weed.
● Mowing or Cutting: Where there is a removal of weeds top growth.
3. Crop diversity
Monoculture is the practice used in the agricultural fields where we harvest and cultivate only one type of crop in a particular location. Recently, polyculture has come in existence, where we harvest and cultivate different kinds of crops to meet the increasing crop demand and produce the required soil microorganisms.
4. Controlling other organisms
There are both useful and harmful organisms in the agricultural farm which affect the field. So, we need to control the growth of such organisms to protect the soil and the crops. We can do this by the use of herbicides and pesticides that contain fewer chemicals or are natural.
IMPORTANCE OF ORGANIC FARMING;
1. The environment benefits because natural habitat sources are less threatened.
2. It provides healthier food for people.
3. The soil is in better condition because of the manure used.
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